Fundamental Geoscience involves carrying out researches in principal branches of fundamental Geoscience viz., Petrology, Palaeontology and Geochronology & Isotope Geology and allied earth science related subjects with an aim to better understand and appreciate the earth processes. These research activities are primarily carried out at three National Centres of Excellence in Geoscience Researches (NCEGR) operating from Kolkata, Faridabad and Bangalore along with regional laboratories. These fundamental research studies go hand in hand with GSI's core activities of mapping and mineral search, & disaster management.